Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease that is found in parts of the tropics, subtropics, and southern Europe. It is caused by infection with Leishmania parasites, which are spread by the bite of infected sand flies. There are several different forms of leishmaniasis in people. The most common forms are cutaneous leishmaniasis, which causes skin sores, and visceral leishmaniasis, which affects some of the internal organs of the body (for example, spleen, liver, and bone marrow). People who have cutaneous leishmaniasis have one or more sores on their skin. While people who have visceral leishmaniasis usually have fever, weight loss, and an enlarged spleen and liver. This test is a useful and a convenient tool in the diagnosis of leishmaniasis, particularly visceral leishmaniasis.
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