Anti-thyroid microsomal antibodies are directed against microsomes, which are small cell particles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum of thyroid cells. The body produces microsomal antibodies when these small cell particles escape from damaged thyroid cells. Therefore, thyroid microsomal autoantibodies reflect thyroid cell destruction. Their presence is mainly associated with Hashimoto’s thyroditis (hypothyroidism), Grave’s disease, and idiopathic myxedema. Other related tests: Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies, Thyroglobulin Antibodies, TSH Receptor Antibodies.
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