Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is a catalytic glycoprotein, which cleaves angiotensin I to generete the active form of the hormone, angiotensin II. It is produced by endothelial cells to help regulate blood pressure, acting as a vasoconstricting agent. This test is of diagnostic and prognostic use in sarcoidosis and other lung pathologies such as silicosis and asbestosis. ELEVATED levels are associated with diabetes, histoplasmosis, hyperthyroidism, lymphoma, alcoholic cirrhosis, Gaucher’s disease, tuberculosis, and leprosy. DECREASED levels may be seen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, emphysema, and lung caner.
Fasting sample is required. Discontinue administration of captopril, enalapril, or lisinopril (anti-hypertensive drugs) and steroids (Prednisone, cortisone) for 12 Hrs prior to venipuncture, as these reduce ACE activity. Test should not performed to patients under 20 years of age unless requested by the physician. Fresh samples must be sent on the same day.
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